ChineseatHome.com

简体中文

Guide to Problem Solutions of the Vocabul

The Chinese vocabulary deserves due attention from our readers as it constitutes a very important part in the HSK test. For a desirable test result, it is advisable for the reader to be familiar with the characteristics of the HSK test paper and test techniques, apart from a fairly good mastery of the vocabulary including the pronunciations, the parts of speech and the meanings of the words.

1. Format and Characteristics of the Vocabulary Questions

The vocabulary questions are mainly included in the first part of reading Comprehension and Blank Filling of the HSK test.

1) Vocabulary questions in the first part of Reading Comprehension

This part mainly tests the students’ abilities in the following two aspects:

a. understanding the different meanings of polysemous words in certain contexts, and b.inferring meanings from the contexts.
Mostly,nouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbs and idioms are tested in this part,

[1]她爱人带着孩子去南方了。

A.丈夫
B.妻子
C.男朋友
D.喜欢的人

To solve this problem,the correct comprehension of the noun“爱人”is required.

In terms of difficulty,60%-70%of the words tested in this part are selected from the phases A and B, about 30%from Phase C, and the rest 5%from else. Most of the words are from Phase B.

If the word underlined in a question is a frequently used word (a word from Phase A), then the words provided for choice are usually not frequently used ones (words from Phase C). On the other hand, if the word underlined is not a common words (from Phase C), the words for choice are usually commonly used ones (the words from the phases A and B). e.g.

[2]我们的意见他根本不听。

A.反映
B.接受
C.理解
D.怀疑

In the above example, “听” is a common word, while the words for choice are not SO frequently used.

[3]这几年,他们家买了冰箱,添了彩电,日子过得挺美。
A.够
B.方便
C.满意
D.漂亮

Here, “美” is not a common word,but the words for choice are quite common.

2) Vocabulary questions in the first part of Blank Filling

丽买的这一件,又美观,又142。

141.

A.精确
B.精致

142.

A.实用
B.实在

The two sets of words provided for choice contain “精” and “实” respectively and their likeliness to each other will probably make the students confused. However, they are not necessarily related to each other in meanings. The students, therefore, are required to distinguish them correctly.

Moreover,the students should also pay attention to the different parts of speech of the words.

2. Test Techniques

1) The students should make a good use of the language situation as it very often provides a hint for deducing the correct meaning of the word underlined, e.g.

This part mainly tests the students’ abilities to understand the language in the context and to differentiate synonyms,near synonyms and the words with similar forms, e.g.

141——142

昨天我们去参观了一个展览,展览会上的工艺品件件都 141,尤其是玛 [4]人们总是帮助自己喜欢的人,而对自己厌恶的人,情况则完全不同。

A.害怕
B.有好感
C.不认识
D.不喜欢

假如你没有学过“厌恶”这个词,没关系,上下文可以帮助你。前面是说“总是帮助自己喜欢的人”,后面说“情况则完全不同”,这种环境实际告诉我们,前后的情况是相反的,和“自己喜欢的人”相反的当然应该是“自己不喜欢的人”,所以“厌恶”应该是“不喜欢”的意思,答案是D。可见语言环境很重要,应该充分利用。Here,the context “总是帮助自己喜欢的人” and “情况则完全不同” are very helpful to those not familiar with the word “厌恶”, as they imply that the opposite to “自己喜欢的人” must be “自己不喜欢的人”.Therefore,the correct choice “D.不喜欢” can be easily made.

2) Another technique that works very effectively is to rule out the choices that are obviously wrong so that there is less possibility left for the correct answer, e.g.:

143——144

甲:饭菜都摆好了,大家143吧。

乙:来来来,大伙儿举杯,干杯!

丙:找个144的机会,再叫上王文,到我家好好聚一聚。

甲:好极了。

143.

A.动作
B.动员
D.动手
D.动身

144.
A.适用
B.适应
C.适合
D.适当

Since this dialogue is about some people who are eating at a table,it is obvious that “动身” (1 43. D)which means “出发” and “动员” (1 43.B 1 which means “to talk someone into doing something” have nothing to do with the situation. So these two can be ruled out.Then,for the structure“大家……吧”, a verb is needed.Therefore, the noun“动作”(143.A)is not suit.able.Only 143. C is the correct answer.
From the above examples, it can be seen clearly that test techniques will be of great help. However, it is more important for the students to have a good command of the vocabulary including synonyms and those words that look alike but are different in meanings (synonyms and near synonyms).